Research & Development

Research & Development

VIN is a unique clinical practice that currently funds its own research efforts. Many of our patients agree to become research participants either for clinical case studies on novel neuropsychiatric treatment methods or for group or individual studies regarding brain volume abnormalities found in patients with acquired brain injuries.

Dr. Ross and his colleagues pioneered the application of NeuroQuant in patients with acquired brain injury. They developed NeuroGage, software that extends the utility of NeuroQuant. VIN continually updates and improves NeuroGage software including the TBI Biomarker test—a test based on artificial intelligence algorithms that predicts whether a given participant is a healthy normal control or a patient with chronic mild or moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Dr. Ross has published over 50 peer-reviewed scientific articles. See Publications below for the complete list on subjects such traumatic brain injury, NeuroQuant and NeuroGage, tardive dyskinesia, schizophrenia, and neuropsychiatry.

Publications

Traumatic Brain Injury

David E. Ross, John Seabaugh, Leah Cooper & Jan Seabaugh (2018): NeuroQuant® and NeuroGage® reveal effects of traumatic brain injury on brain volume, Brain Injury, DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1489980. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2018.1489980 Ross, D. E., J. M. Seabaugh (12/10/17). Comment on McInnes et al 2017: “Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Chronic Cognitive Impairment: A Scoping Review.” Virginia Institute of Neuropsychiatry. https://www.vaneuropsychiatry.org/brief-summary-of-comments-to-mcinnes-paper/ Ross, D. E., A. L. Ochs, M. E. DeSmit, J. M. Seabaugh, M. D. Havranek (in press). Man vs. Machine Part 2: Comparison of radiologists’ interpretations and NeuroQuant® measures of brain asymmetry and progressive atrophy in patients with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. Ross, D. E., C. Castelvecchi, A. L. Ochs (2013). Brain MRI Volumetry in a Single Patient with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Injury 27(5):634-6. Ross, D. E., A. L. Ochs, J. M. Seabaugh, C. R. Shrader (2013). Man vs. Machine: Comparison of Radiologists’ Interpretations and NeuroQuant® Volumetric Analyses of Brain MRIs in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 25(1):32-9. Ross, D. E., T. J. Graham, A. L. Ochs (December 2012, in press). Review of the Evidence Supporting the Medical and Forensic Use of NeuroQuant® in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury. Psychological Injury and the Law 6(1):75-80. Ross, D. E., A. L. Ochs, J. M. Seabaugh, M. F. DeMark, C. R. Shrader, J. H. Marwitz, M. D. Havranek (in press). Progressive brain atrophy in patients with chronic neuropsychiatric symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury: A preliminary study. Brain Injury 26(12):1500-9. Ross DE (2012): New Advances Help Detect Brain Injuries. Richmond Times Dispatch 09/29/12, Correspondent of the Day. Ross DE, Ochs AL, Seabaugh J, Henshaw T (2012): NeuroQuant® revealed hippocampal atrophy in a patient with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 24(1):E33. Ross DE (2011): Review of longitudinal studies of MRI brain volumetry in patients with traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury 25(13-14):1271-8. Ross DE (2009): High tech does not mean high quality. Richmond Times Dispatch 03/08/09, section A, p. 9. Ross DE, Clevinger LE (2008): Managing more than medications. Brain Injury Professional 5:22-25.
NeuroQuant & NeuroGage

David E. Ross, John Seabaugh, Leah Cooper & Jan Seabaugh (2018): NeuroQuant® and NeuroGage® reveal effects of traumatic brain injury on brain volume, Brain Injury, DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1489980. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2018.1489980 Ross, D. E., A. L. Ochs, M. E. DeSmit, J. M. Seabaugh, M. D. Havranek (in press). Man vs. Machine Part 2: Comparison of radiologists’ interpretations and NeuroQuant® measures of brain asymmetry and progressive atrophy in patients with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. Ross, D. E., C. Castelvecchi, A. L. Ochs (2013). Brain MRI Volumetry in a Single Patient with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Injury 27(5):634-6. Ross, D. E., A. L. Ochs, J. M. Seabaugh, C. R. Shrader (2013). Man vs. Machine: Comparison of Radiologists’ Interpretations and NeuroQuant® Volumetric Analyses of Brain MRIs in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 25(1):32-9. Ross, D. E., T. J. Graham, A. L. Ochs (December 2012, in press). Review of the Evidence Supporting the Medical and Forensic Use of NeuroQuant® in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury. Psychological Injury and the Law 6(1):75-80. Ross, D. E., A. L. Ochs, J. M. Seabaugh, M. F. DeMark, C. R. Shrader, J. H. Marwitz, M. D. Havranek (in press). Progressive brain atrophy in patients with chronic neuropsychiatric symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury: A preliminary study. Brain Injury 26(12):1500-9. Ross DE (2012): New Advances Help Detect Brain Injuries. Richmond Times Dispatch 09/29/12, Correspondent of the Day. Ross DE, Ochs AL, Seabaugh J, Henshaw T (2012): NeuroQuant® revealed hippocampal atrophy in a patient with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 24(1):E33. Ross DE (2011): Review of longitudinal studies of MRI brain volumetry in patients with traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury 25(13-14):1271-8.
Schizophrenia

Ross DE, Thaker GK, Buchanan RW, Lahti AC, Conley R, Medoff D (1998): Specific measures account for most of the variance in qualitative ratings of smooth pursuit eye movements in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 55(2):184-185. Ross DE (1997): Grey matter correlates of syndromes in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 171:484. Ross DE, Thaker GK, Holcomb HH, Cascella NG, Medoff DR, Tamminga CA (1995): Abnormal smooth pursuit eye movements in schizophrenic patients are associated with cerebral glucose metabolism in oculomotor regions. Psychiatry Res 58(1):53-67. Kim CE, Thaker GK, Ross DE, Moran MJ (1997): Accuracies of saccades to moving targets: During pursuit initiation and maintenance. Experimental Brain Research 113(2):371-377. Ross DE, Kirkpatrick B, Karkowski LM, Straub RE, MacLean CJ, O’Neill A, Compton AD, Murphy B, Walsh D, Kendler KS (2000): Sibling correlation of deficit syndrome in the Irish study of high-density schizophrenia families. Am J Psychiatry 157:1071-6. Ross DE (2000): The deficit syndrome and eye tracking disorder may reflect a distinct subtype within the syndrome of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 26(4):855-66. Kirkpatrick B, Ross DE, Walsh D, Karkowski L, Kendler KS (2000): Family characteristics of deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia in the Roscommon Family Study. Schizophr Res 45(1):57-64. Thaker GK, Ross DE, Cassady SL, Adami HM, Medoff DR, Sherr J (2000): Saccadic eye movement abnormalities in relatives of patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 45(3):235-44. Thaker GK, Ross DE, Buchanan RW, Adami HM, Medoff DR (1999): Smooth pursuit eye movements to extraretinal motion signals: deficits in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 88(3):209-19. Ross DE, Buchanan RW, Thaker GK, Medoff DR, Lahti AC (1998): Association between eye tracking disorder in schizophrenia and poor sensory integration. Am J Psychiatry 155:1352-1357. Ross DE, Buchanan RW, Lahti AC, Medoff D, Bartko JJ, Compton AD, Thaker GK (1998): The relationship between smooth pursuit eye movements and tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 31(2):141-150. Thaker GK, Ross DE, Cassady SL, Adami HM, LaPorte D, Medoff DR, Lahti A (1998): Smooth pursuit eye movements to extraretinal motion signals: deficits in relatives of patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research 88(3):209-219. Ross DE (1997): Do schizophrenic patients with the disorganisation syndrome have normal anatomy of medial temporal lobe structures? Br J Psychiatry 171:484. Ross DE, Thaker GK, Buchanan RW, Kirkpatrick B, Lahti AC, Medoff D, Bartko JJ, Goodman J, Tien AY (1997): Eye tracking disorder in schizophrenia is characterized by specific ocular motor defects and is associated with the deficit syndrome. Biol Psychiatry 42(9):781-796. Moran MJ, Thaker GK, LaPorte DJ, Cassady SL, Ross DE (1996): Covert visual attention in schizophrenia spectrum personality disordered subjects: Visuospatial cuing and alerting effects. J Psychiatr Res 4:261-275. Ross DE, Thaker GK, Buchanan RW, Lahti AC, Medoff D, Bartko JJ, Moran M, Hartley J (1996): Association of abnormal smooth pursuit eye movements with the deficit syndrome in schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychiatry 153:1158-1165. Thaker GK, Ross DE, Moran MJ, Lahti A, Buchanan R, Ellsberry RL (1996): Does pursuit abnormality in schizophrenia represent a deficit in the predictive mechanism? Psychiatry Res 59(3):221-237. Tien AY, Ross DE, Pearlson G, Strauss ME (1996): Eye movements and psychopathology in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 184(6):331-338. Ross DE, Ochs AL, Pandurangi AK, Thacker LR, Kendler KS (1996): Mixture analysis of smooth pursuit eye movements in schizophrenia. Psychophysiology 33(4):390-397. Messias E, Kirkpatrick B, Bromet E, Ross D, Buchanan RW, Carpenter WT Jr, Tek C, Kendler KS, Walsh D (2004): Summer birth and deficit schizophrenia: A pooled analysis from six countries. Arch Gen Psychiatry 61(10):985-989. Thaker GK, Avila MT, Hong EL, Medoff DR, Ross DE, Adami HM (2003): A model of smooth pursuit eye movement deficit associated with the schizophrenia phenotype. Psychophysiology 40(2):277-84. Ross DE, Hasnain M, Pandurangi AK (2001): Subspecialty training in schizophrenia may lead to improved treatment for treatment-resistant patients. Psychiatric Services 52(2):240. Kirkpatrick B, Buchanan RW, Ross DE, Carpenter Jr WT (2001): A separate disease within the syndrome of schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 58(2):165-171. Thaker G, Cassady S, Adami H, Moran M, Ross D (1996): Eye movements in spectrum personality disorders: comparison of community subjects and relatives of schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychiatry 153(3):362-368.
Tardive dyskinesia

Ross, DE (2005): Tardive dyskinesia and second-generation antipsychotics (letter). Am J Psychiatry 162(2):405. Hettema JM, Ross DE (2007): A case of aripiprazole-related tardive akathisia and its treatment with ropinirole (letter). J Clin Psychiatry 68(11):1814-1815. Ross, DE (2005): Methodological concerns in a trial of ziprasidone and olanzapine (letter). Am J Psychiatry 162:1391. Ross DE (2004): Ziprasidone and mania (letter). Am J Psychiatry 161:1503. Ross DE, Thomas M, Booth M, Weinborn M (2005): Rate of tardive dyskinesia in hospitalized patients (letter). Am J Psychiatry 162:816. Hashimoto T, Ross DE, Gao X, Medoff DR, Tamminga CA (1998): Mixture in the distribution of haloperidol-induced oral dyskinesias in the rat supports an animal model of tardive dyskinesia. Psychopharmacology 137(2):107-112. Ross DE, Buchanan RW, Lahti AC, Medoff D, Bartko JJ, Compton AD, Thaker GK (1998): The relationship between smooth pursuit eye movements and tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 31(2):141-150. Dixon L, Thaker GK, Conley R, Ross DE, Cascella N, Tamminga CA (1993): Changes in psychopathology and dyskinesia after neuroleptic withdrawal in a double-blind design. Schizophr Res 10(3):267-271.
Neuropsychiatry

Ross DE (2000): A method for developing a biopsychosocial formulation. Journal of Child and Family Studies 9(1):1-6. Ross, DE (2004): Clozapine and typical antipsychotics (letter). Am J Psychiatry 161:1925-1926. Kirkpatrick B, Ross DE (1997): The trap of protopathic bias in neuropsychiatric research. Biol Psychiatry 41(3):257-8. Ross DE (2003): Psychiatry and neurology. Am J Psychiatry 160:596.